The article raises the question of the responsibility of economics for the theoretical and ideological support of economic policy. During the period of economic reforms in the 90s of the last century, political economy was removed from the educational space and its normative function. Responsibility for economic policy has shifted to neoclassical economic theory and, above all, to its current in the form of neo-institutional economic theory. After thirty years of radical economic reforms in Russia, its disastrous results have become apparent. They resulted in prolonged stagnation, technological lag, and structural deformations. Russia has irretrievably lost historical time in technological and economic development. The main attention is paid to neoinstitutional economic theory as the most normatively active stream of neoclassicism influencing economic policy. Its inconsistency in its claims to dominance in the normative field is proved by its "subject curse" beyond the limits of economic theory. It is proved that all definitions of institutions, except for norms and rules, include technology, money, and economic laws. The institutional paradigm finds a solid substantive basis in objective economic laws, which serves as the basis for the complementary unification of the two main trends of economic theory. Accordingly, the functions of economics will be strengthened. Combining the efforts and scientific apparatus of the two movements opens up the possibility for systematic research, which in recent years has been dreamed of by the founder of neo-institutional theory, R. Coase.

The article is devoted to the conceptual foundations of artificial intelligence in economics and the trends of its development, the analysis of the continuity of industrial revolutions. The problems of inequality and intellectual provocations regarding its solutions are analyzed, arguments and ethical arguments of supporters and skeptics of basic unconditional income, modern technologies and monopolies in the context of income redistribution are considered.

The article is devoted to the substantiation of mechanisms for ensuring personnel security in industrial regions. The regional aspects of personnel security are disclosed. The challenges and threats to personnel security that are typical for most subjects of the Russian Federation are highlighted. The main attention is paid to the problem of personnel shortage, which is most clearly manifested in the industrialized regions of Russia, which include the Republic of Tatarstan. Specific steps were considered to increase the staffing levels of KAMAZ PJSC, SIBUR Holding PJSC, and the Alabuga SEZ. The role of Advanced Engineering Schools and the Priority 2030 program in the training of highly qualified specialists is shown. It is concluded that in conditions of shortage of personnel, it is necessary to switch to technologies that involve less labor intensity and greater productivity. This will be facilitated by the robotization of industry. In order to ensure personnel security and overcome existing challenges and threats, the necessity of developing Personnel strategies for the development of the region and promoting the HR brand of the region as an attractive employer in the labor market is substantiated.

The article examines the issues of modern urban formation in the context of global development. Indicators and indicators of sustainable development of regions and cities are discussed separately. The article also highlights the impact of international standards in the field of urban governance and makes recommendations for sustainable agglomeration development.

The article is devoted to the study of the features of the use of microgeneration systems in the legal framework of the retail electricity market in Russia. The article presents a grouping of electricity generation systems possible for connection to the Unified Energy System of Russia, and a comparison of microgeneration systems with small-scale generation facilities with an installed capacity of up to and over 5 MW, as well as generation systems for the wholesale electricity market with an installed capacity of 25 MW and above. The article presents aggregated features of the use of microgeneration systems in Russia, which relate to the technical side of the use of microgeneration systems, primarily in comparison with other power generation facilities. In terms of the technical features of microgeneration systems, the features of the technological connection of microgeneration systems, accounting for electricity generated by such systems, and the features of electricity consumption facilities where microgeneration systems are located are described. The article presents aggregated features of contractual terms of work with microgeneration facilities, which cover the principles of concluding contracts for the purchase and sale of electricity (energy supply contracts), principles of payment for consumed and generated electricity by microgeneration facilities, which allows the reader to get an idea of the features of using microgeneration facilities within the facilities of energy receiving devices of individual electricity consumers. The materials present a diagram of the sale of electricity by a microgeneration system that graphically reflects the key elements that are involved in the process of electricity circulation from microgeneration facilities, which also expands the reader's understanding of the use of microgeneration systems based on energy receiving devices of electricity consumers. The article can be useful not only to representatives of energy services of large consumers of electricity, but also to owners of individual households, representatives of private businesses who have the goal of reducing their own costs for the purchase of electricity.

The article is devoted to the history of the development of the cooperative movement in Russia, business relations and business in the Transcamian region with reference to the scientific developments of the great economists Vasily Leontiev, the largest theorist of cooperation in the peasant economy Alexander Chayanov, the historian Vladimir Ermakov, who discovered the founding date of Naberezhnye Chelny, dreamed of a monument to the first settlers. The stages of the cooperative movement in Russia are considered, including its tragic episodes, the basics of business in the territory of the future Naberezhnye Chelny, the famous names of industrialists, cooperators and other business people of the region are given. Special attention is paid to the NEP and the role of the Interregional Cooperative Federation in the revival of cooperation.

The article summarizes the results of the round table on the topic "Small and medium-sized businesses in Russia: current state and development prospects", which was organized within the framework of the Bachelor's and Master's degree research circles of the Department of Economics of Enterprises and Organizations of the Naberezhnye Chelny Institute of Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University. The round table has become a scientific and practical platform for discussing points of interaction between government and business, current problems and possible solutions, as well as for identifying the main trends and forecasts that will determine the socio-economic development of Russia in the coming years. During the discussion, issues of government support, financial support, start-up opportunities for small and medium-sized businesses, as well as problems with human resources and the introduction of new technologies were considered. The paper analyzes the proposals and initiatives of the participants that can become the basis for strengthening and developing small and medium-sized businesses in Russia.