John Maynard Keynes is recognized as the most outstanding economist of the twentieth century. His theory has been widely known and interpreted in various ways. The normative part of his legacy is also lucky. Its regulatory recommendations were given special attention during periods of recession. His methodology was less "lucky". He did not leave a specific description of his methodology. There is no systematic research on the subject in the literature on Keynes's legacy. The article attempts to overcome this disadvantage. It inherited marginalism from Neoclassicism. Calling his approach "the nature of economic thinking", he used elements of the method of classical political economy. He developed and used a method for studying very complex economic phenomena, which includes: analysis and synthesis, a reproductive and systematic approach, direct and inverse relationships. Keynes ' methodology, enriched by applying elements of the methodology of political economy, allowed him to critically review the foundations of Neoclassicism and solve complex problems and difficulties that his teachers could not cope with. Mastering the Keynes methodology is relevant because it can serve as a tool for studying complex problems that have already been generated in the XX century! a century, but not yet sufficiently studied at the level of theory. This part of Keynes ' methodological legacy is revealed and described for the first time in this article.

The article is devoted to the problems of the crisis in the reform of ownership of agricultural land and substantiation of the conceptual foundations of a constructive position. Shown a political economy framework allowed significant errors in the substantiation of strategic directions and tactical decisions in the economic realization of land ownership, the paradoxes of the economic and legal content of land ownership associated with "land grabbing" and holding it as exogenous entities that have an analogy with the latifundia in Ancient Rome that contributed to its fall. The article provides evidence-based recommendations for adjusting the land reform in Russia.

In the framework of this paper the main peculiarities of application of simulation modeling of production processes using neural networks, stages and modern trends of development of simulation modeling using neural networks are analyzed.

The article considers options for forecasts of production, processing and export of the country's oil and gas complex. The strategic objectives of the oil and gas complex are defined: meeting the growing domestic demand for oil and gas and its products, and Kazakhstan's participation in ensuring the need for oil and gas for future generations of the country's citizens.

This article examines the impact of new trends in global development on the real economy. The subject of the analysis is the automotive industry of Russia, as one of the most innovative and capital-intensive industries with long-term development plans. In this article, the authors tried to show how the new world order will affect the real economy in general, and the automobile industry in particular. The main trends in the global automotive industry and their impact on the development of the Russian automotive industry in the light of the new realities of the "crumbling world" are considered. A vision of the processes in the automotive industry related to the spread of COVID-19 was expressed, and two scenarios for the development of the domestic automotive industry after the end of the pandemic were identified.

The use of information technologies has become a commonplace in management are technologies for smart cities, open government, etc. Billions of budget funds spent on their creation, but the last pandemic showed them to be quite effective when used in crisis situations. At the same time, many people realized the importance of having sufficient resources to ensure the life of the city and its citizens.